The causes of headaches, numbness of the fingers, tingling in the heart sometimes should not be sought not in place of their location, but at the neck.The osteochondrosis of this department affects the conditions of the head and shoulder belt, as well as the organs of these areas.
This is a dystrophic disease of the connective intervertebral discs that act as shock absorbers in the spine.Depending on the level and volume of the lesion, the appropriate symptoms develop.
The cervical department is the most mobile and vulnerable section of the spinal column.The influence of adverse factors leads to a violation of cartilage nutrition, the thinning of the discs, the formation of a hernia or the growth of bone tissue.The nerve roots are crushed, the blood flow in the peripted vessels is disturbed.
Reasons
The factors that can lead to osteochondrosis are very different:
- a sedentary lifestyle, the lack of training for the muscle observation apparatus;
- Long forced poses with an increase in the load of the neck - sedentary work with an arched head;
- neck injuries;
- metabolic violation;
- Improper selected cushion and mattress;
- obesity;
- systemic diseases of the connective tissue;
- Hereditary predisposition.
The following causes have a direct impact on the development of the symptoms of the disease:
- The movement of the intervertebral disc develops quite rarely, but this condition leads to the development of paralysis;
- The reduction of the height of the disc - the supply leads to a decrease in the diameter of the intervertebral hole, due to which the roots of the nerves are crushed;
- The hernia of the intervertebral discs is a protrusion that can squeeze the root;
- Osteophytes are found on the sides of the vertebral bodies, irritate the adjacent muscles, cause their edema, increasing the tone, which increases the load on the disc and leads to a decrease in its height.If the growths are directed to the vertebral channel, this will cause its narrowing.
Symptoms of the disease
Cervical osteochondrosis is characterized by a grouping of symptoms in syndromes, which determine the clinical manifestations and patients' complaints.
Vertebral syndrome
The manifestations of the signs are associated with the state of bone bone or cartilage of the vertebrae.To accurately diagnose this syndrome, all its symptoms must be present:
- change of mobility in the cervical region;
- pain during movement;
- Violation of the morphological structure of records and vertebral bodies.
The absence of one of the signs allows you to suspect another disease with similar symptoms.A decrease in mobility without changes in morphology is observed with the muscle damage of myosite.Pain is characteristic of many other diseases.
Vertebral artery syndrome
Symptoms that form it as follows:
- Compression of the artery and blood flow altered in its trunk, which leads to dizziness, noise in the ears, fluctuations of blood pressure, nausea or vomiting;
- The irritation of the nerve processes of the artery is manifested by a serious headache from the type of migraine, a decrease in sensitivity, numbness, tremolium of "flies" in front of the eyes, a temporary decrease in vision;
- The hipposia of the brain, or hunger for oxygen, is expressed by a decrease in performance, fainting, lethargy, sleepiness, worsening of attention, in the most serious cases even depression.
The injury of the vertebral artery is reduced by the blood flow to the corresponding parts of the brain.But this syndrome can be observed with other pathologies: atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels, compression of their growing tumors, inflamed tissues.
Cardial syndrome
The appearance of signs of angina pectoris, pain in the heart does not always indicate the pathology of this organ.These can be signs of osteochondosis of the cervical region, which include:
- Load pain;
- short breath;
- Quick fatigue and weakness.
In this situation, the exclusion method acts: the diagnosis of heart disease is carried out using an ECG, due to which there are no characteristic changes of Angina Pectoris.There is no atherosclerotic narrowing of the arteries on angiography.
Rook syndrome
These symptoms have a manifestation on one side and are associated with the damage to the roots of the corresponding couple of spinal nerves.Characterized by pain, paralysis or paresis, compromised sensitivity on the corresponding side.
The first and second roots are characterized by pain or numbness in the occipital region.The third couple is manifested by numbness and a sense of outbreak of the language, the difficulty of swallowing and chewing, compromised sensitivity behind the ear sinks.
The compression of 4 couples brings to sobs, pain in the clan and throat when it swallows.The fifth couple is expressed in the limitation of the movement in the shoulders, the sixth pain and numbness in the shoulder blades and forearms.
The seventh causes numbness in the hands, more often in the index and in the middle fingers, the eighth - parental paresis and sensitivity in the ring finger and little finger.
The pathological process is rarely limited to a pair of nerve roots, often different are influenced simultaneously, which confuses the clinical picture and leads to difficulties in the diagnosis.
The lack of treatment or the incorrect selection of the methodology can lead to complications in the form of an Ernian ledge, breakage of the disc and a strong movement of the vertebra, which can end up with disabilities or death.
Diagnostics
The justification of the diagnosis is possible after conducting a X -ray study in direct and lateral projection.In the images, a decrease in the height of the disc, the narrowing of the intervertebral opening and the pathological bone growth are clearly evident.
Treatment
Once diagnosed, the symptoms of the treatment of cervical osteocondrosis may occur if patients follow the prescribed scheme and not a complicated course of the disease.
Modern medicine offers different areas of therapy:
Medication>
The intake of some groups of drugs aims to eliminate the symptoms of the disease, improving cartilage nutrition, antioxidant protection.
After the appropriate diagnosis, the doctor will determine how to treat the treatment of the drug of the cervical osteocondrosis, you cannot prescribe yourself.
The following groups of drugs are used:
- Anti -non -seroidal inflammatory.They eliminate pain and inflammation, reduce proliferative processes.The preparations of this group can be prescribed in tablets, but intramuscular administration is possible in the acute period.It is not advisable to use them for a long time, taking on maximum dosages for more than a week leads to the development of non -stomach ulcers, cause damage to the toxic liver.
- The chondroprotectors begin to use from the moment the diagnosis is installed.The manifestation of their effect should be very long.
- This applies to a greater extent of forms and capsules for oral administration.Injection drugs have prescribed courses, their effect occurs faster.They contain glucosamine, which affects the metabolism in the cartilage and the chondroitin, which slows down the destruction of the disc.There are natural chonders: these are dishes with jelly - jelly, jelly and fish.
- Vasodilated drugs eliminate vascular spasm, improve blood flow in the muscles and help reduce inflammation.
- The diuretics use when symptoms of exacerbation of osteochondosis of the cervical column appear.The treatment is carried out in a short course to relieve inflammatory edema and the compression of the nerves.
- Vitamin preparations are aimed at the antioxidant protection of the cartilage tissue, damaged nerves, brain cells.For this, A, and, with vitamins are necessary.Group B is necessary to improve the conditions of peripheral nerves.They will use the alternation of vitamin B6 and B12 on alternate days.The intake of group vitamins groups in a short course is actually influenced.
- If, cervical osteochondosis of ointment for treatment has worsened, helping to eliminate pain, have a heating effect and improve blood flow.It is applied to a very small quantity using a special massage in the defeat area.
Ointments with non -steering anti -inflammatory drugs have a small local analgesic effect.Unlike tablets, they can be used for a longer time.
>Physiotherapy
This method is used as added to the main treatment method.Physiotherapy acts selectively on the affected area, relieves pain, edema and inflammation, improves microcirculation and local immunity.
The following methods are applicable:
- Electrotherapy produces a local heating effect, due to which blood circulation improves, swelling is removed.But this method is contraindicated for those who have pacemakers and metal prostheses.
- The induction magnetic fields act for about 20 minutes on the pathological focus, breed pain and inflammation.
- Laser therapy activates bioelectric processes in nerve tissues, improve their regeneration.The procedure is performed on the ground of the inflamed roots of the spinal cord, no more than 2 minutes per area.
- Balneo treatment - the use of therapeutic mud, mineral waters, ozokererte.It is performed during the period of exacerbation and remission in order to prevent and consolidate the effect of the treatment.
Medical physical education
This method cannot be used in the acute period of the disease and perform exercises, overcoming pain.Everyone is products without hitches, without jumping.You cannot throw your head back and make circular movements.If there is an intervertebral disc hernia, consultation of a neurologist or neurosurgeon is needed.
A series of exercises for osteochondosis of the cervical column:
- Heating.Within 2-3 minutes, walk on the spot with a whole foot, on socks, on the heels (how to treat a spur of the heel).
- Put straight, gradually strive the fists, the arms, the shoulders, keep up through half a minute, relax and chat with your hands.
- Carefully perform the inclinations of the head on the left and the right shoulder, delay in every position for 10 seconds.
- In a position sitting or standing strictly up the shoulders, therefore, as if it straightens, lower them a little back.
- Standing or sitting slowly lowers the head and touches the chin of the chest.Slowly take the starting position.
- Extend your arms on the sides, make the fists.Perform rotations with brushes 4 times in each direction.
- Get up, spread your hands on the sides.Make a movement of rotation to the elbows alternately forward and backward.
- In the same way, the circular movement is performed in the shoulder joint.
- Relaxation: raise your hands and leave them freely, relaxing them as much as possible.
Massage
An expert mass teacher will tell you how to treat the osteochondosis of the cervical column at home using massage and self-passing.
The basic principles can be called the following:
- All actions are performed by the tip of the fingers;
- It is necessary to move from the spine to the periphery;
- It is not possible to apply force, only slightly massive actions;
- All movements work without hitches, without haste.
It usually uses rubbing, kneading, caressing the neck.
Surgical treatment
It is used to restrict the spinal canal of an hernia, which is accompanied by the compression of the vessels and nerves of the spine.
The indication is also the instability of the cervical column.The presence of an hernia is not an indication for the operation.
In this case, they proceed from the effectiveness of the pharmacological treatment, from the patient's conditions, from the severity of the symptoms of osteocondrosis.The removal of an hernia is performed using a scalpel or in a more modern way, using a laser.
But often after surgical treatment, the symptoms of the disease are eliminated for a while and then resumed.
Prevention
In order not to wonder how to treat osteochondosis of the cervical region at home, it is necessary to prevent disease.First of all, it is the correction of posture.The curve creates an additional load on the cervical vertebrae, causes an inflammatory reaction
A long -term forced position with an arched head should also be avoided when there is a high load in this department.
If you have to be in an uncomfortable position for a long time, periodically you have to perform neck exercises.You should also choose the right pillow to sleep.